General description
It is a noxious herb weed widely growing in farm- and in bushland. It has got a milky sap. Flowers are yellow in color.

Edible part(s), preparation methods and palatability
The leaves are boiled and used like a cabbage during food shortage periods. The leaves need to be boiled properly in order to reduce or avoid its natural bitterness. As a weed this plant is usually growing on farm fields and germinates earlier than the planted crop. In normal times the species is uprooted as a weed. But when food shortage occurs, the plant is kept and harvested at an early stage.

Agroecology
Found in the mid- and lowlands and in farmers' fields.

Propagation Method(s) 
Vegetative by rhizomes. 

Sample location(s)
Vicinity of Konso town, Konso

Remarks